Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) Certification Practice Exam

Fever, shortness of breath, or severe abdominal pain are critical symptoms that indicate the need for urgent care in a patient receiving chemotherapy.

Patients undergoing chemotherapy have a compromised immune system, making them highly susceptible to infections. A fever can be a sign of infection, which can progress rapidly in immunocompromised individuals. Shortness of breath may suggest respiratory complications, such as pneumonia or pulmonary embolism, which require immediate evaluation and treatment. Severe abdominal pain can indicate serious conditions such as bowel obstruction, perforation, or other complications related to chemotherapy or underlying cancer.

Responding promptly to these symptoms can be life-saving, as these conditions could lead to significant morbidity if left untreated. Understanding the urgency of these symptoms is crucial in the oncology setting, where timely intervention can prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.

In contrast, symptoms like mild nausea, fatigue, occasional dizziness, and general discomfort are common side effects of chemotherapy and may not necessitate urgent care. While these symptoms should still be monitored and managed, they do not typically indicate an immediate medical emergency.