In what way can targeted therapies benefit cancer patients?

Targeted therapies are designed to specifically target and attack cancer cells while minimizing damage to normal cells. This is achieved through the use of drugs that interfere with specific molecules involved in tumor growth and progression. By focusing on particular genetic changes and characteristics of cancer cells, targeted therapies can effectively inhibit tumor growth, induce cancer cell death, and improve treatment outcomes.

The effectiveness of targeted therapies lies in their precision; they customize treatment based on the molecular profile of an individual's tumor, which can lead to better efficacy compared to traditional therapies that affect all rapidly dividing cells. This tailored approach not only increases the likelihood of a successful response but also enhances the overall treatment experience for patients by potentially reducing the severity and number of side effects compared to more conventional treatment options like chemotherapy or radiation.

In contrast, the remaining options do not accurately reflect the specific benefits associated with targeted therapies. While minimizing side effects is a hope, targeted therapies do not prevent all side effects entirely. Similarly, while targeted therapies can sometimes eliminate the need for surgery in specific cases, they do not do so universally. Lastly, while targeted therapies can indeed help alleviate certain symptoms of cancer or treatment side effects, they are primarily known for their direct action against cancer cells rather than merely providing temporary relief.