Which medication requires patients to use barrier contraception due to potential risks to sexual partners?

The correct answer is that paclitaxel requires patients to use barrier contraception due to potential risks to sexual partners. This is because paclitaxel, a chemotherapy agent, can have effects on human reproductive cells, and there is a concern that exposure to the drug could affect fetal development if a partner becomes pregnant. As such, barrier contraception is advised to minimize this risk.

When patients receive chemotherapy like paclitaxel, they may be advised to take extra precautions to prevent conception during treatment and for a period afterward. This is part of a broader approach to ensure the safety of both patients undergoing cancer treatment and their potential offspring.

The other medications listed do not carry the same level of concern related to effects on sexual partners. While filgrastim is used to stimulate white blood cell production and has no associated risks related to reproductive health, rasburicase is primarily utilized to manage hyperuricemia in tumor lysis syndrome and does not have the same reproductive safety warnings. Fulvestrant, an estrogen receptor antagonist used in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, does have some implications but is not typically associated with the same degree of risk as paclitaxel related to sexual health and contraception.